Lancashire Inquests, Extents, And Feudal Aids: 1310-1333...

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Under the 2009 Act, a coroner conducts an ‘investigation’ into a death (which may or may not include an inquest). Much of the coroner’s investigation takes place before any formal inquest hearing, and includes the coroner considering whether the duty to hold an inquest applies to an individual case. Pressure on NHS front line services has meant that clinicians have not always been available to attend inquests, causing delays, although many have attended remotely, a trend which is likely to continue after the pandemic. A coroner can only return a conclusion of suicide if it is clear that the person did a deliberate act where the inevitable consequences would be death. Any suicide note, previous attempts at suicide, or a history of self-harm can allow a coroner to reach this conclusion.

For somebody of Nicola’s size, it would have taken one or two breaths of water to be a lethal dose.” On 24 September 1997, the Treasure Act 1996 came into force and replaced the common law of Treasure Trove in England and Wales. The 1996 Act introduced new requirements for reporting and dealing with finds. Not all finds need be the subject of an inquest. For more information please see: www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/24/contents The percentage of all registered deaths that were reported to coroners has remained largely stable (a less than one percentage point decrease) when compared to 2020, and is the lowest level since 1995. In 2021 the number of deaths reported to coroners as a proportion of registered deaths varied widely across coroner areas, from 16% in North Yorkshire (Western) to 82% in Newcastle upon TyneThe emergency legislation disapplies this requirement because, as set out above, the medical practitioner who signs the MCCD does not need to have attended. The duty on a medical practitioner to notify the coroner only applies during the emergency period where it is reasonably believed that there is no other medical practitioner who may sign the MCCD or that such a medical practitioner is not available within a reasonable time of the person’s death to do so. COVID-19 as a notifiable death and jury inquests This is where the coroner makes a brief and factual statement at the conclusion of the inquest rather than returning a short-form conclusion. Non-inquest cases

In 2021, 908 finds were reported and 229 inquests were concluded. There were no inquests held into Treasure Trove in 2021 (relating to finds made before the Treasure Act 1996 came into force), although it is likely that a few such inquests will continue to be held from time to time. The coroner added: “The council’s position, maintained to the bitter end, was met by audible laughter in this court. The unrealistic, unsustainable, and incomprehensible position adopted by the council with regards to the presence of the defect on Island Lane leaves me with little confidence that meaningful changes have taken place.” finds were reported to coroners in 2021, an increase of 105 on 2020. 229 inquests were concluded into finds. Of these, 97% (222) returned a verdict of treasure, a decrease in proportion by one percentage point when compared to 2020. www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2009/25/contents www.legislation.gov.uk/2013?title=coroners 1.2 Covid-19 deaths and Coroner statistics The average time for an inquest to be conducted is estimated in the following way: coroners are asked in their annual return to state how many inquests were concluded within certain time periods. There are five time bands: within one month; 1-3 months; 3-6 months; 6-12 months; and over 12 months. All the inquests falling within a time-band are then assumed to have been completed at or near the mid-point of the various time-bands for the purposes of calculating the average, although inquests within the “under one month” band are assumed to have taken 3 weeks for this purpose of this estimation, and inquests taking over a year to conclude are deemed to have taken 18 months, although the time-band itself is open-ended. Numbers are then aggregated and the average figure (in weeks) calculated in the normal way.This is the decision (reached by coroner or jury as appropriate) about the identity of the deceased and how, when and where he or she came by his or her death. Findings